Category: Essays

based on qualitative and quantitative data

This research should tackle
(i) identified barriers faced by persons with physical disabilities in accessing the mobility devices and physical rehabilitation services
(ii) assess the positive and negative impacts derived from the use of assistive device for persons with physical disabilities
(iii) provide an analysis of the current services provided and recommendations for strengthening them.
(iv) provide additional recommendations based on the data provided
(v) provide themes from the qualitative data that can lead to recommendations
(VI) compare data to literature

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Discussion

The discussion question for this module is posted on the Discussion Board.

•Post an initial response and then post responses to your classmates.

•Be sure to review the Discussion Guidelines in the Course Home menu before posting

my.saintleo.edu
login: sitou.annam
password!7
course: Intro to Law and Legal System POL-123-DL01.
module 7 to find the NBC learn go to module 7 course please

Explore

Click here to view a video at NBC Learn exploring civil liability for obesity.

Do you think that obesity is a problem that can be solved through the legal process? What are the implications of litigating obesity?

Textbook:
Schubert, F. (2009). Introduction to law (custom). (9th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage. ISBN-13: 978-1-111-
07266-7;
American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. ISBN-13: 978-1-4338-0561-5; ISBN-10: 1-4338-0561-8

Post your initial response to the class .

Module 7 Discussion

Review the NBC Learns video from this module about obesity and civil liability. Construct a legal argument for either of the following:

• A plaintiff who is suing a fast food restaurant for negligence. Make sure you address the four necessary elements of negligence, and why you believe the restaurant is liable.

• The defense, arguing why a plaintiff cannot establish the necessary elements of negligence, or refuting plaintiff’s case based on defenses to negligence.

Respond to at least two of your classmates
Respond to 1 of your classmates

Mark as Unread Module 7 Justin Havens 12/4/2014 7:23:35 PM

Negligence has 2 definitions accoring to our text:

1: a felxible term for failure to use ordinary care, under the particular factual circumstances revelaed by the evidence in a lawsuit
2: conduct that falls below the standard established by law for the protection of others against unreasonable risk of harm…does not include conduct recklessly in disregard of an interest of others.

In any case of someone trying to sue a restaurant for negligence they would first have to prove the it had any prior knowledge that the food it sells could directly cause obesity. In most any case, it can be reasonably put forth that whomever is the one trying to sue the restaurant for negligence had the choice to eat there or not. The fact that someone suing made the choice to eat there makes it their own responsibilty if they were to become obese.

Schubert, F. (2009). Glossary. In Introduction to Law (p. 696). Mason, Ohio: Cengage Learning.

Respond to at least two of your classmates .

Mark as Unread Tom’s Mode 7 Answers Thomas Strickland 12/4/2014 5:15:08 PM

Review the NBC Learns video from this module about obesity and civil liability. Construct a legal argument for either of the following:

• A plaintiff who is suing a fast food restaurant for negligence. Make sure you address the four necessary elements of negligence, and why you believe the restaurant is liable.

• The defense, arguing why a plaintiff cannot establish the necessary elements of negligence, or refuting plaintiff’s case based on defenses to negligence

In my book and notes there are 4 elements that you have to have to establish NEGLIGENCE (Page 405) and in the modes’ Lecture Notes.

#1: “A duty or standard of care recognized by the law.” The defendant should owe you a duty of care, which arises when there is a certain relationship between you and ______. Because of this relationship, ________ is required to be careful with is actions in order to protect you from harm. For example, a driver you encountered on the road is required to follow traffic rules to avoid the occurrence of a collision. In the case of the Fast Food Industry, outside the grounds of poison or food that was intentionally made to make you sick to cause harm. I do not see how they showed any negligence if the fact no one forced anyone to eat there seven days a week.

#2: “A breach of the duty or failure to exercise the requisite care.” The defendant will ______ held liable for your injures if ______ breached this duty. You will be able to establish this element by showing that the defendant failed to exert reasonable care while ________was trying to fulfill his duty. In case of the Fast Food Industry, the only “duty” it promises its’ customers is to provide a service and a product that will not harm you right then and there. In this and all of them the PLAINTIFF has the burden of proving through the presentation of evidence that the defendant was negligent (Page 405).

#3: “The occurrence of harm.” You should show that the accident and your injuries are caused by the defendants’ negligence. In addition, it should be proven that you will not be injured if ____was careful with_____ actions. In the case of the Fast Food Industry, unless it’s a physical accident (Example https://news.aitkenlaw.com/verdicts-settlements/playground-brain-injury/)

[The Plaintiff, Jacob B., age 10, fell from the cross bars of the playground at a national fast food burger chain restaurant and suffered a severe, traumatic brain injury when his head struck the restaurant floor tile. Due to the severity of the fall, Jacob will require 24 hour life time care. While Defendants argued that the cross bars were not part of the play structure, Plaintiff was able to establish through intensive discovery that the cross bars resembled and were repeatedly used by prior customers as public playground “monkey bars” and discovered a serious prior injury at the same location. In addition, there were reasonable means to prevent access to the bars and the flooring below the bars lacked proper padding. Isabelle B., age 5, Plaintiff’s sister, brought a case for Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress since she witnessed the incident to her brother, “Jake”.]

Now here is a case where the Fast Food Industry in question WAS proven Negligence; but, it didn’t have anything to do with the food.

#4: “Proximate cause & Damages.” It covers the scope of the defendant’s liability in the case. ___ will only be responsible for the effects of ____actions which ____ can foresee. You need to show that the defendant’s failure to act reasonably caused actual damages.

In the case of the Fast Food Industry, this would be a case where you were choking and no one came to help you. The only cases I could find were cases involving the toys from the kids’ meals, not from the food.

The most publicized lawsuit to date, Pelman v. McDonald’s, was brought on behalf of children who consumed McDonald’s products and allegedly became obese or overweight and developed diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol intake, or other health effects as a result. Although it was recently dismissed, the case provides a good lens through which to consider the arguments for holding the fast-food industry accountable for obesity-related health harms.

The Pelman plaintiffs claimed that McDonald’s had engaged in deceptive advertising, sales, and promotion; produced food that was unreasonably unsafe; and failed to warn consumers of the dangers of its products. The complaint alleged that McDonald’s knew or should have known that its actions would exacerbate obesity and its associated health problems in millions of American children.

The plaintiff’s attorney in Pelman had previously filed a similar lawsuit against McDonald’s and several other fast-food chains on behalf of a class of adults represented by Caesar Barber, a fifty-six-year-old New York City maintenance worker who had been eating fast food several times a week for more than twenty-five years. That complaint’s legal architecture foreshadowed Pelman, but the plaintiff’s lawyer withdrew the case to pursue Pelman, whose child plaintiffs were no doubt seen as more powerful representatives of the “afflicted” population.

Work Cited: https://www.healthaffairs.org/

https://www.aitkenlaw.com/

Word Count: 855

Course Discussion and Participation The following is a provided rubric for you to use to assess your participation. Please take the time throughout the course to check and see where your participation level falls.
It is recommended you review this early in the course to see what is expected of you, and then again near Module 4 so you can judge for yourself just how well you have been doing. Please feel free to use it as often as you feel necessary. This document is for your use, so you know what is expected of you and how your instructor will be grading you.
Level 4
Provides concrete examples from the readings to support postings
Integrates prior readings in postings
Integrates personal observations and knowledge in an accurate and highly insightful way
Presents new observations
Constructively responds to classmates’ postings
Participates in all module discussions
Posts are organized and information is presented in a logical sequence
Word choice and sentence structure are suitable
Level 3
Refers to examples from the readings to support postings
Integrates personal observations and knowledge in an accurate way
Presents new observations
Constructively responds to classmates’ postings
Participates in all module discussions
Posts are organized, and information is presented in a logical sequence? Word choice and sentence structure are suitable
Level 2
Alludes to the readings to support postings
Integrates personal observations and knowledge in a cursory manner
Does not present new observations
Constructively responds to classmates’ postings
Posts are somewhat disorganized and information is not presented in a logical sequence? Word choice and sentence structure are not suitable
Level 1
Does not refer to the readings to support postings
Does not integrate personal observations or knowledge
Does not present new observations
Responds in a cursory manner to classmates’ postings
Posts are disorganized and information is not presented in a logical sequence
Word choice and sentence structure are not suitable.

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Your Personal Leadership Development Plan
A Final Paper for MOR 571 PM
Fall 2014

Objective:
Using mastery of the five demands of leadership as a reference point, where do you stand now, what is the next step in your development, and what will you do to achieve it?

The details:
You may or may not work for an organization with robust developmental processes and opportunities (like P&G), but as Moheet Nagrath emphasized, you are the master of your own development; no one can make you develop or do it for you. The final paper challenges you to 1) assess your level of mastery of each the five demands of leadership at this stage in your career and 2) choose a specific leadership development goal related to one of the five demands, explain why you chose this particular goal, and come up with a concrete plan for achieving it.

1) Assess your degree of mastery of the five demands of leadership, see below for the 5 demands). We?ve spent 14 weeks exploring the five demands, illustrating them with case studies, readings, lectures, guest speakers (and your reflections on them), videos, classroom discussions, thought questions, etc. In this section you should demonstrate your knowledge of what each demand requires and assess where you stand relative to mastering those requirements. This part of the paper will be evaluated on a) how well you use course material to frame each demand and b) the persuasiveness of your self-assessments.

Show your understanding of each demand by exploring it in some depth (e.g. don?t just say ?able to set and communicate direction?). In assessing where you stand on the demands, draw on your work and life experiences to make a persuasive case for your self-evaluations. It is highly recommended that you create a chart in an appendix so the text can be devoted to analysis.

2) Choose a leadership development goal related to one of the five demands and come up with a plan for achieving it. Based on your self-assessment in the first part of the paper, choose a goal you will work to achieve over the next 6 months to a year. The goal should be specific, measurable, and do-able.

Please note that overly general development goals like “I want to learn to communicate more effectively” are not helpful. Following through with that example, if there is an aspect of communication you need to develop, be very specific regarding what kind of communication you mean (e.g., verbal, written, body language, large group presentations, one on one conversations, performance appraisals, negotiation, managing up, under stress etc.); with whom in particular you want to improve communication (e.g., boss, peer, customer, etc.), and why this is an issue for you (backing up your assessment with feedback from others or some other objective source).

Once you have set your leadership goal, come up with a specific, experience-based plan for achieving it and a specific way to measure your progress.

In creating your plan, draw on anything you have learned, read, seen, or heard during class. And, of course, reference it. You may use everything from speaker reflections to your mid-term interviews to life maps. The course has emphasized experience-based leadership development, so your leadership development plan should be strongly experience-based rather than course- or program-based. Creating experience-based ways to learn a new skill, attitude, or behavior is a difficult task. Few managers do this well. You have to think creatively to come up with the experiences that might teach what you want to learn.

This part of the paper will be evaluated on a) how well you frame your leadership development goal and b) the quality of the action plan you develop to achieve it.

The five demands of leadership

Setting and Communicating Direction ? Purpose, vision, mission, point of view
? Technical/professional skills
? Business knowledge
? Strategic thinking
? Taking responsibility
? Structure and control system
? Innovative problem solving
Alignment ? of critical constituencies
? Political Situations
? Getting People to Implement
? What Executives are Like
? Working with Executives
? Negotiation Strategies
? Influence without Authority
? Understanding Other Perspectives
? Dealing with Conflict
? Directing and Motivating Subordinates
? Developing People
? Confronting Performance Problems
? Managing Former Peers or Bosses
Development an Executive Temperament
? Being tough when necessary
? Self-confidence
? Coping with sitatusions beyond your control
? Persevering through adversity
? Coping with ambiguous situations
? User of power
Setting and Living Values
? Needing Others
? Sensitivity to People
? Management Values
Growth of Self and Others
? Balance of Life and Work
? Knowing What Excites You
? Personal Limits and Blind Spots
? Taking Charge of Your Career
? Recognizing and Seizing Opportunities

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Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)

1. Differential Diagnoses:

a. Pulmonary Atresia With Intact Ventricular Septum

b. Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve

c. Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia

d. Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

e. Tricuspid Atresia

f. Truncus Arteriosus (Charpie, 2013)

2. Pathophysiology: A serious, but rare, congenital birth defect in which the two main arteries that leave the heart are transposed, or reversed (Mayo Clinic, 2014). The incomplete septation and migration of the truncus arteriosus during fetal development is the causative condition. The aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery come from the left ventricle. As a result, the aorta receives deoxygenated blood and returns it to the arterial circulation, at the same time the pulmonary artery receives oxygenated pulmonary venous blood and return it to the pulmonary circulation (Burns, Dunn, Brady, Starr, & Blosser, 2013, p. 688).

3. Epidemiology: The occurrence of TGA has overall low prevalence in the United States; however, it is the most common diagnosed congenital cyanotic heart defect in newborns, with an estimated 5-7% occurrence in patients with congenital heart disease (Charpie, 2013). The estimated overall incidence is 20-30 per 100,000 live births. In 90% of patients who have TGA, the incident is isolated and usually is not linked to any syndrome or extracardiac abnormalities (Charpie, 2013). TGA has a male predominance of 60-70% with no racial influence (Charpie, 2013).

4. Physical exam findings: Cyanosis that is presents within one hour or within the first day of life. Congestive heart failure may be present at birth and infants may or may not have a murmur at birth. S2 is loud and single as a result of the structural placement of the great arteries (Burns et al., 2013, p. 688). Infants who also have a ventricular septal defect may not have severe symptoms or mild cyanosis until pulmonary blood volume/flow increases over the first 3-6 weeks of life (Charpie, 2013)

5. Diagnostic testing and any referrals needed:

a. Immediate pediatric cardiologist referral is imperative (Charpie, 2013).

b. Chest x-ray

c. EKG (right axis deviation and RVH)

d. Echocardiogram will show transposition as well as other defects that may exist (Burns et al., 2013, p. 688).

e. Electrolytes need to be assessed and normalized if not within normal parameters. IV prostaglandin should be given to delay closure of the ductus arteriosus (Charpie, 2013).

6. Management Plans and Follow-up:

Jatene procedure first few days of life which essentially includes rerouting the arteries to their original position, further operative procedures are dependent on additional defects that may be present (Charpie, 2013). Patients will be monitored closely throughout life and SBE prophylaxis will be recommended for life (Burns et al., 2013, p. 689). Infants who are severely hypoxic will need a balloon atrial septostomy in order to increase atrial level shunt and improve mixing of oxygenated blood (Charpie, 2013).

References

Burns, C. E., Dunn, A. M., Brady, M. A., Starr, N. B., & Blosser, C. G. (2013). Pediatric primary care (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders.

Charpie, J. R. (2013). Transposition of the great arteries. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/900574-overview#a0199

Mayo Clinic. (2013). Transposition of the great arteries. Retrieved from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/transposition-of-the-great-arteries/basics/definition/con-20043232

POST RESPONSE TO ABOVE POST

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Utilizing the Step-by-Step MRP Calculation Process, students will solve the following MRP problem given: Product A is an end item and is made from two units of B and four of C. B is made of three units of D and two of E. Product C is made of two units of F and two of E. Product A has a lead-time of one week. Products B, C and E have lead-times of two weeks. Products D and F have a lead-time of three weeks.

a. Show the bill of material (product structure tree).
b. If 100 units of A are required in week 10, develop the MRP planning schedule, specifying when items are to be ordered and received. There are currently no units of inventory on hand.

Grading Criteria:
1.Student will demonstrate their relevant knowledge of MRP
2.Apply critical thinking in applying MRP concepts
3.Create an Master Production Schedule and a Material Requirement Planning Chart
4.If there is a positive net requirement in a week, backward schedule by the lead-time and enter the quantity for the planned order release that will satisfy the net requirement.
5.The student applied correct APA, style, usage, grammar, and punctuation.

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ETHICS PROJECT ASSIGNMENT: A Murder in Metropolis: An ethics-based case study – Introduction
You are a retired law enforcement officer who now teaches at a local community college in the criminal justice program. In addition to teaching ethics, you write crime novels on the side. You recently heard of a real-life case that you thought would make the basis for a good story, but, as you looked into it further, you realized that it provided many opportunities for educating students and criminal justice professionals on ethics. You decide to write a paper for possible publication in a journal.
To research this case, you have obtained a copy of the police investigative file, reviewed media accounts of the case, and interviewed witnesses, members of the criminal justice system who were involved in the case and other criminal justice professionals not directly connected with the case. As part of the preparation for writing your paper, you will organize your notes, outline your ideas for the themes for the paper, and identify the ethical dilemmas presented in the case. You anticipate as you work on this project that you will have to do substantial research to make this paper worthy for publication in an academic journal.
THE CRIME
Details from the police report:
On July 27, 2007, Lois Murphy was found dead on the floor of her garage, a victim of an apparent homicide. She was discovered by her brother, James Murphy, who had come to her residence to check on her after being unable to reach her for three days. James immediately called 911 to report the discovery.
MPD conducted a comprehensive crime scene investigation, including photographing and videotaping the crime scene, collecting physical evidence, and gathering fingerprint evidence. The MPD classified the case as a homicide. Following the initial crime scene investigation, MPD detectives conducted an extensive investigation, interviewing many witnesses and following all credible leads.
Although there were multiple signs of blunt wound trauma around the head and face, according to the Metropolis County Medical Examiner, the cause of death was a gunshot wound to the chest. The ME listed the cause of death as homicide.
The MPD eventually arrested William Tanner on suspicion of murder. The evidence indicates that the crime was motivated by an unpaid debt for drugs.
The crime occurred in the city and county of Metropolis.

Ethics Project: The Crime
Caleb Sawatsky
Rasmussen College
Author Note
This paper is being submitted on October 26, 2014, for Rose Du Houx Pogatshnik’s J255 Ethics in Criminal Justice course.
Ethics Project: The Crime
The classical school of thought in criminology all crime as people exercising their right of free will. A classicist believes that people will attempt to pursue pleasure while trying to minimize any sort of pain. The crime scene explanation states that the woman was killed by a gunshot and that her murder was likely due to her unpaid debt for drugs. This woman’s lifestyle could very easily be explained in the classical school of thought. She was attempting to pursue what she believed to be pleasurable (drugs) and she was attempting to minimize the pain of having to pay for them by apparently ignoring her outstanding debt. Her murderer can also be explained through this thought process. He was attempting to pursue pleasure by becoming rich though dealing drugs and when this lady owed him money and wouldn’t pay up he felt as though killing her would minimize any sort of pain she would likely continue to cause him in the future.
The positivist believes that everyone’s behavior is decided by their internal and external influences in their lives. These things are their biological, psychological, and social factors. So simple put, the positivist believes that people will act based upon their own God given traits as well as being influenced by the people they hang around with. So a positivist would look at this report and say that this woman was obviously brought up in a bad environment and that was why she turned to drugs. Going along with this she probably hung around with people that also did drugs therefore encouraging her to continue in her destructive lifestyle. The murderer can also be pegged as someone that probably was friends growing up with other drug dealers who either encouraged him to get into it or just rubbed off on him over time.
The structural view sees crime as being something that has deeper roots than just their immediate environment or the pursuit of pleasure. They would say that the criminal law is a reflection of those people in a position of power. Anyone that threatens their power is punished severely. Going along with this theory crime can be explained as something that people do to directly act out against the law. The woman in this example may have had issues with authority all her life and so she naturally fell into a rebellious lifestyle so as to act out. The same can be said for the drug dealer. He did not care for authority or the law and he was directly violating the law and he will be severely punished for his actions.
The ethical view sees crime as being a basic moral failure in people’s decision making. So an example would be that someone does something wrong because they simple have not considered the fact that it is wrong and will probably impact them negatively. The woman in this example obviously didn’t start doing drugs with the realization that it was going to destroy her life and eventually get her killed. Going along with the ethical theory she didn’t properly think through the negative implications before taking part in the poor lifestyle choice. Same goes for the drug dealer. He obviously didn’t intend to end up murdering someone and if he had thought through his actions better he would have likely chosen a different course.
EXCERPTS FROM AUTHOR’S RESEARCH FILES:
Details from the police report:
One MPD investigators interviewed the victim’s best friend, Maria Frank, who lived in a poorer neighborhood, who was initially reluctant to speak to officers because she feared retaliation by the gang members involved. She eventually revealed that on July 24 she was with Lois in her home in the same neighborhood, when an altercation between Lois and a drug dealer started. She saw an individual pull Lois out of the house, shove her into the garage and then heard sounds of a struggle, screams, and a gun shot. She ran from the home and hid at her grandmother’s house until a week after the murder when the police located her.
The evidence collected from the crime scene, along with the statements by Maria Frank, lead to the arrest of William Tanner, an African-American male. The investigation also lead to the arrest of Anthony Landon, believed to have driven William Tanner from the crime scene, and Tanner’s younger brother, Joey, who is believed to have helped William Tanner dispose of incriminating evidence the next day.
Videotaped interview with Anthony Landon
In an MPD interrogation conducted by Detective Jones, Anthony Landon, a White male, admits to knowledge of William Tanner’s involvement in gangs and drug selling activity. He states that he knew when he drove William Tanner to the victim’s residence that Tanner planned to threaten her about money owed him and that he knew, from past experience, that Tanner was capable of serious physical violence. He denied all involvement in any violent acts against Lois and stated that when he drove Tanner away from the crime scene, he did not know that Tanner had just killed her.
Interview with an officer not involved in the case:
According to MPD Detective Phil Manning, Lois Murphy, a White female, was known by the Metropolis Police Department (MPD) as a drug user. She had three convictions for drug-related crimes and was currently on probation for her most recent conviction. She had been a confidential informant for Detective Manning for almost two years, providing information about drug trafficking activity in Metropolis. Detective Manning believes that Lois was not involved in a gang, but he knew she came in contact with gang members when she purchased drugs. Detective Manning knew she had drugs in her possession at times that he met with her, but did not arrest her because he wanted to keep her as an informant.
Detective Manning also knew that Lois was in violation of the terms of her probation by purchasing drugs, but he never reported that to her probation officer because she was a valuable source of information for the department, leading the local drug task force to many successful raids.
Interview with Nearby Convenience Store Owner
Raoul Garcia, the Latino owner of a convenience store down the street from the victim’s residence, was interviewed for background information on his knowledge of the victim and criminal activity in the neighborhood. He stated that that the cops frequently stop by his store for a chat and ask how things are going in the neighborhood, and they tend have a visible presence on his block. He’s always happy to provide a cup of coffee free of charge to any of the officers who stops by because he knows they have a tough job and they are looking out for the businesses in the neighborhood.
Raoul says that he fears and respects the cops that patrol his neighborhood, but even though he hears stories about some bad apples, and he sees no problem with showing his gratitude in this small way.
Interview with Nearby Bar Owner:
Joe Sampson, a White male and the owner of the Corner Tap, was also interviewed about the safety in the neighborhood and the amount of known gang activity. Joe stated that he knows drug dealing goes on in the neighborhood and there are often fights between rival gangs. He says he does not have to worry about any of the violence spilling into his bar because he’s friends with many cops. There are a couple officers who swing by his place a couple times a night whenever they are on the night shift, and he always makes sure they are taken care of when they come in to watch the football game on Sunday. And, unlike the bar down the street, none of his customers get hassled by the cops at closing time. The word is out that he’s friends with the cops.
Media accounts:
An article appearing on July 31 in the Metropolis Daily News reported that a call had been made from the victim’s home phone on July 24 during which the caller said in a quiet whisper that she needed help but then the phone was disconnected. No follow-up call was made by the dispatcher and no squad was sent to the residence. When asked about this call by the Metropolis Daily News, the MPD denied that such a call had been made.
In another article on this story appearing on August 15, the Metropolis Daily News reported that the MPD acknowledged, after further inquiry, that a call had been made on July 24 from the victim’s residence. The MPD is refusing to release either a transcript or the audio recording of the call, citing data privacy restrictions.
Author’s interview with Maria Frank
Maria Frank said that the investigator who tracked her down at her grandmother’s home promised that the police would protect her if she came forward to testify. Relying on the investigator’s assurances, she told them what she knew about the incident. However, she now knows that Metropolis has no funds for witness protection and the MPD cannot do more than provide enhanced patrolling in her neighborhood. Maria feels that the defendant’s gang friends want to kill her and feels betrayed by the MPD, especially as she lives in a vulnerable area.
Internal affairs report
As a result of an internal affairs investigation it was determined that the MPD representative who denied the existence of the 911 emergency call on July 24 when the Metropolis Daily News reporter asked, knew of both the existence of the call and the audio taped recording of the call. In addition, the dispatcher was found to have violated standard procedure by not calling back the residence following the hang-up call. It is uncertain whether this was due to the location of the victim’s home or other circumstances.
Videotape of MPD interview with Joey Tanner
The videotaped interview of Joey Tanner, the 18-year-old brother of the murder suspect, shows the MPD detective telling Joey Tanner that they have a witness who puts him at the scene of the crime which suggests that he had some involvement in the murder and could result in more serious charges. The investigative file clearly shows that the detective knows that this statement is false when he makes it. The detective at all times was professional in the interview, appearing at times to have sympathy for Joey’s plight that his brother got him into this situation and indicating that any cooperation on Joey’s part would be communicated to the prosecutor and would be looked at favorably “down the line.”
Joey Tanner eventually tells the detective that the day after the crime he helped his brother get rid of the gun, and he told the detective where it could be found.
Prosecutor’s charging decisions
Upon consideration of all the facts, and following negotiations with Joey Tanner, the Metropolis County District Attorney’s Office made the following charging decisions in the case:
William Tanner: Murder, second degree (unpremeditated)
Anthony Landon: No charges for aiding and abetting murder in the second degree, on the condition that he testify truthfully against William Tanner.
Joey Tanner: No charges for aiding and abetting after the fact, on the condition that he testify truthfully in the case against William Tanner.
Author’s interview with informant:
In a discussion with Billy Knowles, a White male and a known drug dealer who spoke on the condition of anonymity, he stated that it is well known on the street that there is an officer in the department who has been passing information along to Anthony Landon including specific information about other gangs and notice of planned drug raids. He doesn’t know the name of the officer, but he says that Anthony seems to have some kind of inside connection because in the past year the police have had big raids on nearly all the active gangs in the area except his.
Author’s interview with deputy sheriff at the Metropolis County Adult Detention Facility (jail)
A sheriff who works in the county jail was interviewed about his interactions with the three individuals who had been arrested. During the course of that interview, the deputy mentioned that another inmate had approached him and said that his cellmate, Anthony Landon, told him that he was actually the one who brought the gun to the house on the day of the murder and was in the garage when the shooting happened. The inmate said he asked Anthony if he had been the shooter and Anthony did not actually say so, but sort of gave a “knowing wink” in response. The inmate then asked Anthony if the police believed his statement when he said he was just the driver, Anthony gave another “knowing wink” and said that he and “Jonesy,” the detective who interviewed him, “have an understanding.”
The deputy sheriff said that he gave this information to the Metropolis County District Attorney’s Office before the trial.
Author’s interview with member of MPD
In an interview with another MPD detective, who agreed to talk on condition of anonymity, the author asked about the culture in the MPD. This detective said that the culture varies by precinct. There is one precinct known as “Lower Town” where the officers are known to play “fast and loose” with the rules, often putting in their police reports that they Mirandized the suspect when they did not, putting down false information in an affidavit to get a warrant, and, using excessive force when arresting a suspect. The cops in Lower Town seem to have an “us against them” mentality where their job is to “get the bad guys,” and they take whatever steps they feel is needed to get the job done.
Issue Spotting
After reading the article for our Issue Spotting project I was blown away by just how many ethical issues are evident in these reports. There are reports of officers that are bending, twisting, and just downright breaking the law in many of these interviews. Whether they are doing this because they want to catch the bad guy, no matter what the cost, or they are doing it for some sort of sick personal gain, it is wrong and they should be held accountable for their actions.
• The first issue that I see is with the interview with the officer that was not involved in the case. There is a serious ethical concern here if the officer that is using Lois as an informant is allowing her to break the law and get away with it so that he can continue to use her as an informant. Now I know that this is a very touchy subject because many people would say that you have to fight fire with fire. But honestly if we as police officers start to break the law to catch the people that are breaking the law then haven’t we just become the exact thing we are fighting to stop? The interview states that the police officer would know that Lois was violating her parole by having drugs in her possession when he would meet with her. It states that he would do nothing because she was a valuable asset to them. I see the positive that is coming from using Lois but I still do not believe that it is ethical to break the law to catch criminals. If we as police officers don’t obey the law then we are the same as the criminals.
• The next interview that caused me to raise an eyebrow would be the one with the local convenience store owner. In this particular example I don’t know that it is necessarily an ethical issue, but maybe more of an ethical concern. The store owner says that he gives out free coffee to all the officers that stop in to his store to ask how things are going in the neighborhood. This is a very slippery slope and can become unethical very quickly if an officer is not careful. Accepting free coffee is not inherently wrong in and of itself but if it leads to more, and it many times does, then the officer has crossed a line. Many officers begin to justify things by saying that society owes them for all they do and before they know it they not only took free coffee they also took a “free” sandwich and bag of chips. This is why I say that this is not an ethical issue yet but it is a very dangerous thing to take part in and I personally will not accept anything for free when I am on the job. Not only can this lead to justification of taking other things but it can also lead to favoritism when dealing with the store owner on the street and that is also wrong.
• The very next interview with the nearby bar owner is the absolute perfect example of what I am talking about. The bar owner states that he is friends with the cops so he doesn’t have to worry about violence at his bar. Now if this was the extent of what he said I wouldn’t see any ethical issues here. But he goes on to say that he makes sure that he takes good care of the officers when they come into his bar on Sunday to watch football. I don’t know if this means that he treats them differently than he does other customers but regardless it is causing the officers to show favoritism towards this bar owner and his customers. He states that the cops don’t hassle his customers like they do to other customers that are leaving any other bar. If these cops are trying to stop drunk drivers then they should be looking around all the bars and not leaving his bar alone because he gives them free beer or whatever it is he does for them. This is very unethical and is the perfect example of a cop taking advantage of a service that would not be offered to the normal person and it results in the cop showing favoritism towards this bar owner.
• There is an obvious issue if the media account and what is claimed in it is true. Dispatch knows that they are supposed to call someone back if the call gets disconnected like in the situation described here. It obviously was unethical for the person working in dispatch to not call the lady back but what is even worse is that their PD tried to cover their mistake up by saying originally that no such call had been made to them. If someone makes a mistake they need to own up to it and not try to sweep the issue under the rug. In the end it does state that after further inquiries the PD did state that a call was received from the victim on the date of the murder. This to me just shows a pattern of gross unethical behavior that is affecting even the higher ranks in this department. They attempted to cover up their mistake by lying about it instead of just owning up to what was done.
• The interview with Maria Frank is very upsetting on many levels. Police officers are supposed to protect the general public at all costs and above all else be trustworthy. This cop failed miserably at both! This is a perfect example of an officer that clearly has the “us against them” mentality deeply engrained inside him. Pretty much everything this officer did was unethical in this situation. First off he willingly got this woman to rat out the gang knowing full well that it would put her in danger and they would have no way of protecting her. Then atop that he lied to her saying that they would protect her if she told him what she knew. It wasn’t until she found out on her own that she realized that their PD had no money for witness protection and she was basically a sitting duck! I don’t really care what this officer thinks he achieved by getting the information from this woman. What he did was clearly wrong and he should lose his job for intentionally putting someone in a clear path of danger.
• The interview with Joey Tanner has a couple of ethical concerns to consider. Now I don’t know if it is legal for an officer to lie to a suspect, like the detective did in this interview, when they are interviewing them but I personally think this is unethical. Now in this situation I can see the benefit of what the detective did and it obviously worked because he got Joey to tell him everything including where he could find the gun. Me personally, I don’t think it is right to lie to someone about what you have on them. Maybe I am just naive because I have never done any sort of police work but I just feel like as an officer of the law we are called to a higher standard than lying and being deceitful.
• In the interview that takes place with an informant named Billy Knowles you can see clear ethical issues. This department seems to be more and more corrupt as I continue to read. You’ve got cops that are lying, showing favoritism, breaking the law, and now leaking vital information to a drug dealer of all people. Now in this specific interview it appears that what Billy is telling the officers is second hand information if not completely just his own assumptions. Now if what he says is true then the PD has a rat in their agency that is leaking very sensitive information to a local drug dealer for some reason. In the interview it sounds like Billy doesn’t have any proof of this but he is just assuming that Anthony is being informed because everyone else’s drug rings have been busted but his miraculously never gets busted. While this definitely seems suspicious it is not proof of anything and at this point is just Billy guessing. If what Billy claims is true then there is an officer that has clearly abandoned everything he swore to uphold when he put on his badge for the first time.
• The interview that took place at the jail raises probably the biggest concern of all. If what the inmate says is true then the detective that interviewed the real killer purposely overlooked it and charged the wrong man with the murder of Lois. The inmate in this interview claims that Anthony never actually admitted to being the shooter but he insinuated that he was. Anthony then went on to insinuate that he and the detective that interviewed him had an understanding of sorts. I’m not really sure what this means exactly but apparently it means that the detective chooses to purposely not do his job and just charge someone else with the murder regardless if they actually committed it or not.
• In the last interview that took place the anonymous police officer was asked to talk about what the culture was like at his agency. He responded that it really depends on what precinct you are in. The cops that he describes in lower town are the key example of what is ruining this agency both physically and their reputation. Cops that develop the us against them mentality tend to act exactly like these cops where they break the law to catch the lawbreakers. They essentially make themselves criminals so they can catch criminals easier. This is a wrong mentality to adopt and it inevitably leads to this kind of behavior. We as police officers are to uphold the law at all costs, not break the law so we can catch criminals easier. This defeats the whole purpose of having cops. We may as well just pay thugs to clean up our streets because that is exactly what these cops have become.
This department is in dire need of some housecleaning. What I mean by that is there are too many corrupt cops that are being allowed to continue working even though they have continuously broken the law themselves. Officers like the ones described in the interviews are a poison that will ultimately destroy the agency from the inside out and they need to be gotten rid of. When you allow this kind of criminality to creak into your agency it will only grow and get worse over time. These officers need to be fired and replaced by men and women with a higher ethical standard that desire to uphold the law above all else.
You’ve organized your thoughts and identified the ethical issues. Now it is time to analyze those issues in a systematic and scholarly way.
For this next phase of your project you conduct research on the various ethical problems that appear in the case. You look to applicable ethical rules and standards that apply to law enforcement personnel, and thoughtfully consider those problems using your critical thinking skills. If you conclude that the behavior identified can be classified as “police corruption,” you should identify what kind of corruption it is. As part of this analysis, you address whether issues of “noble cause corruption” and the “code of silence” apply in to the situations explored in this case. Your analysis should demonstrate your understanding of ethical principles and theories.
Deciding what is wrong and right defines daily routines of criminal justice professionals. Although most of the laws are written down, they find themselves in many situations where they are supposed to make decisions putting into consideration what is possible, practical, and ethical (Chelf, 1953). In the case presented, the ethical obligation of the prosecutor is to establish the truth in the metropolis murder case. First, it is difficult for the investigator to know whether Maria Frank, one of the best friends for Lois, is telling the truth about what happened on July 24. According to her, she was with the victim on the day when a commotion between Lois and a drug dealer started. She saw an individual pull Lois out of her house to the garage, and then heard sounds of a scream, struggle and a gun shot. Maria Frank may fabricate the evidence in order to incriminate William Tanner, if she has anything personal against him. Secondly, the investigator may face an ethical dilemma in deciding whether to charge Antony Landon or not in regard to his involvement in the murder. Although he is the one who drove tanner from the scene of crime, he claims he was not aware that tanner had already killed Lois. It may be true that Landon was not aware of what had happened, but there is still a possibility that he could be hiding the truth and his involvement in the illegal drug business.
Another major ethical dilemma in this case is establishing the truth about the relationship that detective manning had with the victim. Lois was known as a drug user by the metropolis police department, and had already charged with 3 convictions for being related in crimes related to drugs. Despite these crimes, Louis was still free since they believed that she provided crucial information regarding crimes in the area. The detective manning knew Lois had drug in her possession when they met but he did not arrest her because she is an important informant. He also knew that Lois violated probations terms and purchased drugs, but he did not report the issue to the concerned officer due to the same reasons. The manning detective and the entire department were facing a dilemma of whether to charge Lois for her crime or keep Lois for her crucial information. They had to decide if they were to let her continue with her crime so long as she continued to help them fight crime.
The cops who visit Raoul Garcia also face an ethical dilemma whether to accept free coffee during their patrol in the area. They do not know whether they should compromise their standards and accept free items against the law or to take it and satisfy their needs. Joe Sampson, the owner of the nearby bar also states how he has befriended several cops who visit his bar on their patrol. He says he ensures the that the cops are taken care of when they visit his bar to watch the football game on Sundays. This is an example of “police corruption” in the form of “noble cause corruption”, where police officers receive gifts from the public in order to enjoy their protection (Creamer, 2005). The investigator also does not know whether to believe the information from the media regarding the call from the victim for help, or to believe the claim from MPD officers. The investigator does know whether to use legal means to get private information from MPD officers or just to believe what they claim. The MPD in this case are using “code of silence” to hide information from the investigator claiming data privacy restrictions.

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This paper is a detailed review and critique of the book THE SCIENCE OF LIVING BY ALFRED ADLER. The review must be well versed in the book content and must entice the reader to think in a different way. The book can be compared briefly to THE NAKED APED BY MORRIS DESMOND or MAN’S SEARCH FOR HIMSELF BY ROLLO MAY. It is not necessary but can be used to compare opinions and approach about the topipc

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This is a strong argumentative essay that develops a strong thesis and stance; by answering the essay questions:

Churchill-Winston Churchill was voted Britain’s ‘greatest man of the 20th century’. What is the historical debate surrounding Churchill’s legacy? What are the criticisms of his performance as war time Prime Minister? What great achievements do his supporters point to as evidence of his greatness? Use evidence from materials uploaded to support your argument.

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Compare and contrast the different inventory methods. Be sure to include a discussion of FIFO, LIFO, specific identification, retail inventory, lower-of-cost-or-market and net realizable methods. Provide examples of companies that choose LIFO/FIFO as the better approach and explain why.

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Project management task
– Produce a 2 page of training pack for this tool/technique for MANAGING RISKS that would contribute to the successful completion of this task(for a project manager). Include text, diagrams, graphics, links to further information, quizzes etc.
-Use the FAILURE MODE EFFECTS ANALYSIS(FMEA) tools.

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