Category: Essays

The research workbook has two strands: one with a qualitative focus and one with a quantitative focus. The qualitative strand is based around the following research question: a) “To identify and analyse the key management challenges facing voluntary sports clubs.” The quantitative strand is based around the following research question: b) “To critically analyse the factors that influence sport and physical activity participation by BME women and girls.” Your workbook should contain the following headings to clearly distinguish each element: 1a: Mini Literature Review (Qualitative) 1b: Mini Literature Review (Quantitative) 2a: Data Collection Tool: Interview (Qualitative) 2b: Data Collection Tool: Questionnaire (Quantitative) 3a: Data Analysis: Interview Transcripts Analysis (Qualitative) 3b: Data Analysis: Questionnaire Data Analysis (Quantitative) Thus there should be six workbook headings in your submission. NOTE: You are required to complete both strands (i.e. you cannot chose to do just one strand). Task 1: Mini literature review (c. 300 words per strand) You will be provided with a starter reading and a choice of a further reading which will give the study a specific focus. Through independent study you should then identify two further readings (for each strand) that are connected to the two initial ones. These can be academic book chapters and /or journal articles. For each strand your task is to: i. Analyse the readings and identify, define and discuss the key concepts that would underpin a study to answer the research question. ii. Summarise the main lines of enquiry arising from your review of the literature. iii. Provide a series of headings that show how you would structure a full review of literature iv. Provide an indicative reading list of 10 additional journal articles / book chapters (in Harvard style) which might reasonable form the basis of a more substantive review of the relevant literature. 1a) For the qualitative strand of your research workbook, please read the following book chapter: • Nicholls, G (2013) Voluntary Sports Clubs and Sport Development. In Hylton K (ed) (2013) Sport Development: Policy, Process and Practice. [3rd ed] London: Routledge. pp.213-229 (available as an e-book). Then choose one of the following themes to specialise in, and read the accompanying chapter which is also in the Hylton’s ‘Sport Development’ book: a) Sport Policy: chapter by Wolsey and Abrams b) Partnerships: chapter by Robson and Partington c) Resources: chapter by Taylor Then find two further readings that are connected to the issues discussed in the first two sources two. Review all four sources and provide a coherent review of this literature. At the end of the review you should provide a series of headings that show how you might structure a full review of literature and an indicative reading list. 1b) For the quantitative strand of your research workbook, please read: Higgins, V. and Dale, A. (2013) Ethnic differences in sports participation in England European Journal for Sport and Society. 10 (3): 215-239. Then choose one the theme of Community Sport Development or Sociology to specialise in: a) Community Sport Development: Maxwell, H., Foley, C., Taylor, T. and Burton, C. (2013) Social Inclusion in Community Sport: A Case Study of Muslim Women in Australia. Journal of Sport Management. 27 (6) 467 – 481. b) Sociology: Farooq Samiea, S. (2013) Hetero-sexy self/body work and basketball: The invisible sporting women of British Pakistani Muslim heritage. South Asian Popular Culture (Special Issue: Sport and South Asian Diasporas). 11 (3): 257-270 Then find two further readings that are connected to the issues discussed in the first two sources two. Review all four sources and provide a coherent review of this literature. At the end of the review you should provide a series of headings that show how you might structure a full review of literature and an indicative reading list. You need to review four (4) texts for the QL strand and four (4) for the QN strand. The list of references is not included in the word count. Task 2: Design a data collection tool Note: a word count is not appropriate for these two tasks. 2a: Interview design (qualitative strand) Using the lines of enquiry identified at the end of your Ql review of literature, prepare a semi-structured interview schedule which could be used in an interview with a senior person within a medium-sized or large voluntary sports club. The interview schedule should be sufficient detailed that, if conducted properly, would allow the interview to last 30 minutes. The interview should have a logical structure (containing an introduction and close to the interview, the key themes to be discussed, and relevant prompts). It should be sufficiently flexible enough to accommodate shifts in direction and unanticipated elements. 2b: Questionnaire design (quantitative strand) Using the lines of enquiry identified at the end of your qn review of literature, prepare a questionnaire aimed at obtaining the views of black and minority ethnic women and girls (16+) regarding the factors which affect their sport and physical activity participation. The questionnaire should incorporate a range of different formats (open /closed questions, scale, etc) and augmented with a small number of text-based questions. It should take between 5-10 minutes to complete under normal circumstances. Task 3: Data analysis (c.400 words per strand approx) 3a: Qualitative data analysis You will be provided with the transcripts of four interviews conducted along the lines of the one you were asked to design. Using the concepts and themes identified in your mini literature review you should analyse the interview data. This is an interpretative exercise in which you should attempt to reach conclusions regarding the most important management challenges facing voluntary sports clubs, with particular reference to the specific lens (policy, partnerships or resources) that you adopted in your mini literature review. This analysis should present one or two of the most compelling aspects of the data (in the form of short quotes) and provide a (referenced) narrative commentary to explain what has been found. 3b: Quantitative data analysis You will be provided with a ‘Final report’ on Sport and Leisure for BME women You are to offer a 400 word critique of the report. You will need to summarise the report and offer a commentary on their chosen methodological approach, the methods used to collect the data, and the presentation of the data. You should identify areas of strength and any aspect of the study you feel could be improved upon. You should also comment on their findings in reference to what you found in your review of literature. Based on this report, did they ‘answer’ the aims and objectives they set themselves?

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For the final assignment you are to utilize the knowledge gained over the past four weeks to discuss how economics can drive business practices to maximize profitability and environmental protection. For your Final Paper you are to construct a paper of at least six pages that addresses the interaction between business and the environment. To begin, define the concept of a cost/benefit analysis, and discuss the components of such an evaluation. Address what components are needed for a business to complete such an analysis and detail how both the costs and the benefits are generally determined. Additionally, make sure to address how externalities play into cost/benefit analyses. Next, choose one of the companies from the following list: Burgerville—burgerville.com •gDiaper—www.gdiapers.com •Image 4—www.image4.com •Hycrete—www.hycrete.com •Verdiem—www.verdiem.com •Interface—www.interfaceglobal.com •Eden Foods—www.edenfoods.com •Hayward Lumber Corporation—www.haywardlumber.com •Ryzex Group—www.ryzexgroup.com •New Leaf Paper—www.newleafpaper.com •Seventh Generation—www.seventhgeneration.com •Stonyfield Farms—www.stoneyfield.com •The Collins Companies—www.collinswood.com

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Napoleon A. Chagnon (2012). The Yanomamo. Brownstown: Wadsworth Publishing; 6 edition. In one two page, double spaced write a book review, please briefly (shortly, succinctly) answer the following six questions: 1) What is the book about? 2) What are the central themes of the ethnography? (List at least 4). 3) What is Chagnon’s main thesis? 4) Name at least two Yanomamos’ seemingly exotic cultural practices described by Chagnon. 5) Who are the main characters or protagonists in the ethnography? 6) What is the importance of the book? IMPORTANT: Please keep in mind that a book review is not a book report. A book report is merely a summary of the contents of the book, with no analysis or thoughtful opinions. Unlike a book report, a book review is critical. It provides a critical analysis of the ideas being discussed and presented by the author.

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Topic: Is San Francisco the world’s second most liberal city? MLA format no less than 400 words of text and no more than 600 words of text.

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This proposal should be less than 500 words , it should be for the (International Management) pathway , it should discuss how emirates airlines in Dubai, UAE was successful in developing Dubai image as an international hub for many multinational companies to do conferences or open regional headquarters there . Dubai airport and Emirates airlines have linked Dubai to the world. Dubai tourism etc. would not be successful without the emirates air help. Emirates airlines is the biggest single employer in Dubai with thousands of staff from more than 165 countries. Essentially you need to demonstrate a Master’s level understanding of a particular Management issue. In assessing whether the Independent Research Project meets this standard the criteria against which you are likely to be judged are the following: (a) Does the Independent Research Project state clear objectives and does the Independent Research Project address these objectives? (b) Does the Independent Research Project present a clear, logical and coherent line of argument? (c) Does the Independent Research Project demonstrate an in-depth knowledge of your chosen topic and related conceptual literature? (d) Does the Independent Research Project draw on concepts, theories, frameworks studied in Part 1 of the program? (e) Are your own ideas and analysis a prominent part of the Independent Research Project? (f) Does the Independent Research Project provide an in depth, critical reflection in your analysis and discussion of results? (g) Does your Independent Research Project draw appropriate conclusions, related to objectives? (h) Does the Independent Research Project avoid superficial simplistic analysis? ————————- if a proposal needs references then please use journals etc.

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PowerPoint presentation with speech notes with optional embedded audio, Your task is to create a PowerPoint presentation that you could deliver to a hypothetical workplace to increase the staff’s awareness of occupational health and safety. Your presentation should include the following: Describe the OHS legal framework. ? Give a brief overview of the OHS Act and Regulations that are applicable to where you live. ? Harmonization of Australia’s WHS laws and the history of this. ? Define key terms, such as reasonably practicable, duties of employer and employees, due diligence, etc.? Health and safety representatives. ? The names of any Government and other agencies in which staff approach in order to gain further advice and assistance. (Note: you do not actually have to deliver your presentation.

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Your Paper Must Have A Thesis! Your research paper must have a thesis. At the beginning of the paper, you must state your research thesis. It can be part of a short introductory paragraph or it can stand alone. The following explanations include materials that are courtesy of Empire State College, Online Writing Center. www.esc.edu/online-writing-center/resources/research/research-paper-steps/ Research Topic When you start working on your paper, you begin by selecting a topic. A topic is what the essay or research paper is about. It provides a focus for your writing. Choose an appropriate topic or issue for your research, one that actually can be researched. Many topics can be found in your textbook. Example: “Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)” Research Question The next step in developing a thesis is to formulate a research question. Start by listing all of the questions that you’d like answered yourself. (This assumes you are curious about the topic!) Choose the best question, one that is neither too broad nor too narrow. In the early stages of your research, you can use a search engine to learn about the question and explore what high quality sources are available. Sometimes the number of sources you find will help you discover whether your research question is too broad, too narrow. Example: “Why have ADHD diagnoses risen so rapidly in recent years?” Research Thesis A research thesis is your proposed answer to your research question, which you finalize only after completing the research. (It’s okay to modify and revise the working thesis as you research more about the topic or issue.) Thesis example: “The rise of A.D.H.D. diagnoses and prescriptions for stimulants coincided with a twodecade campaign by pharmaceutical companies to publicize the syndrome and promote the pills to doctors, educators and parents.” (Factually correct example courtesy the New York Times) I will be glad to help you as you work your way toward your thesis, especially with topic selection and research question development. Your Analysis You may approach your thesis as a question that needs to be answered or as a statement that needs evidence to support it. Either way, your task is to compile factual evidence that supports or refutes your thesis or helps you answer your question. You should include statistics showing the importance or lack of importance of other social factors or other diseases, as the case may be. Scientific papers are honest about evidence, presenting facts that both support and refute the thesis or hypothesis. You should think critically about your thesis and ask yourself, Why does this happen or not happen? What causes this difference or lack of difference? Include answers to these critical thinking questions in your paper. Remember, we are looking for social causes, not biological ones. I don’t want a research paper on the microbiology or genetics of cancer. 3 Grading Rubric for the Paper Your paper will be graded on both the extent to which it draws upon concepts developed in the course and the extent to which it does so with clear writing and appropriate documentation. The paper will be graded using the following criteria and point system. Grading Criteria and Points Organization Poor (0) Average (2) Excellent (4) The paper is unclear with no organization. No headings or subheadings. Writing has minimal organization and a basic thesis statement. Writing is clear, logical, and very organized around a developed thesis. Headings and subheadings used effectively. Support Poor (0) Average (4) Excellent (6) The paper does not attempt to support a thesis. The use of evidence is minimal, but it does support the thesis. Every important point is clearly supported by strong evidence. Analysis Poor (0) Average (2) Excellent (4) The paper does not attempt to explain how the content relates to the thesis. The analysis of the support stretches its meaning in an attempt to support the thesis. The analysis shows a strong relationship between the evidence and the thesis. Adapted from University of Alaska, Matanuska-Susitna College Required Elements for the Paper • Your paper should be about 5 pages in length, single-spaced, using a 10-12 point font, with one-inch margins. If you prefer to double-space your pages, just double the length requirement. • Your name • The name/number of the course • Date • Title of the paper • The body of the paper that incorporates a set of headings that shows the logical organization of the paper. • Citations in the body of the paper for all sources of information using the American Psychological Association style. This is the style used by your textbook. No footnotes. I will accept MLA style, as well. • A list at the end of the paper of all references cited. Not a bibliography of all the sources you used to write the paper. • Please number your pages. • Do not save your document as an HTML, HTM, or .wps file. • When you save your document, title it with your last name, course number, and assignment number. Example, YourlastnameBSOC123ResearchPaper. • Submit your paper in the Assignments area of Blackboard. Writing the Paper We assume that the required English courses you have taken have given you solid preparation for the writing assignments in this course. Since I am not an English instructor and this is not an English course, I won’t try to teach you how to write. However, if I find that your writing skills are too weak to complete the assignments, 4 I will refer you to USCB on-camps resources for help. Most students need to sharpen their writing skills and there are many web-based resources to support your selfhelp. One of the best is the Purdue University Online Writing Lab at https://owl.english.purdue.edu/ where you will find assistance with English grammar, with writing skills, such as developing an outline, and with APA Formatting and Style. Use An Outline And Headings An outline shows the logical organization of your paper with a set of headings. These headings are like those used in bold print in the main sections of the chapters of our textbook and the journal articles you will use. What Goes in the Paper The main ingredient of your paper should be factual information and statistics from high quality sources. Your opinions about the topic or those of anyone else without substantial scientific evidence are not relevant and should not be included in the paper. You may use as evidence the statements of qualified experts, but you must make sure those sources are reliable. I want you to apply skeptical, critical thinking to everything you read. You should make the author(s) work hard to convince you that they have the best evidence and the best reasoning, as I will make you work hard to convince me. If you need help with these critical thinking skills, I have placed a critical thinking article with web links in the Course Documents area of Blackboard. High Quality Web-based Sources Medical sociology has relevant journals to which you should give priority. The USCB online journal database offers access to full-text copies of many of these journals via the online database indicated. See link to USCB database proxy below. Peer Reviewed Journals American Journal of Sociology — JSTOR American Sociological Review — JSTOR Social Forces — Academic Search Premier Journal of Health and Social Behavior — JSTOR Social Science and Medicine — ScienceDirect American Journal of Public Health — Academic Search Premier American Journal of Epidemiology — MEDLINE At least one of your cited references must come from a journal in the USCB online library database, which can be accessed here using your USCB login and password: https://proxy.uscb.edu/login When you login you will see a long list of online databases. Always search for fulltext articles. If you need additional help with on-ground or online research, please use the USCB library staff or let me know. If you are looking for a particular journal, search for it on TDNet: https://www11.tdnet.com.proxy.uscb.edu Other High Quality Sources In addition to articles from the USCB online journal database, the following list includes examples of reputable governmental and other high quality sources. In some areas of sociology, these sources will be more appropriate than academic journals. 5 • CIA World Factbook — https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/index.html • US Census Bureau — www.census.gov • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — www.cdc.gov • US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System — apps.nccd.cdc.gov/brfsssmart/SelQuickViewChart.asp • National Center for Health Statistics — www.cdc.gov/nchs • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services — www.hrsa.gov/datastatistics/index.html • State Health Data Index– www.statehealthfacts.org • America’s Health Rankings state profiles — www.unitedhealthfoundation.org/ • South Carolina Community Assessment Network — scangis.dhec.sc.gov/scan/index.aspx • South Carolina Health and Demographics Section — ors.sc.gov • SC Kids Count — www.sckidscount.org/index.php Poor Quality Sources To me, one of the main differences between a high school-level research paper and a college-level paper is that college-level papers do not have encyclopedias as direct sources. If your topic is something you don’t know much about, an online encyclopedia can help you learn enough to get started. But do not use sources such as Wikipedia.com, Britainica.com, about.com, or Encarta.com as cited references in your research paper. I will return as Incomplete any research paper that has these kinds of sources. Questionable Sources: Foundations, Advocacy Organizations and NonProfits Many advocacy organizations provide source information and statistics. You must “vet” this kind of source to make sure that the evidence you gather from it is reliable. (Vet means “To examine carefully; to subject to thorough appraisal; to evaluate” (dictionary.reference.com) Some sources that you will find are not governmental or academic but still can be trusted to provide reliable data and information. Example are the Population Reference Bureau (www.prb.org) and the National Coalition on Health Care (www.nchc.org). The way to tell if a source like this is reliable is to click the link for information about the organization. In the case of PRB, a quick scan of the senior staff members show that they are experienced demographers with backgrounds in highly respected organizations. An example of an advocacy organization is the Center for Immigration Studies (www.cis.org), which appears to have a strong political agenda of reducing immigration into the US. This is not a good example of a high quality, objective source. If you must use material from questionable sources, be very cautious when making generalizations from their information. Questionable Sources: News Media Some news media are less guilty of hype than others, but all of them want to attract attention and they have learned that conflict and controversy sell. Even the New York Times, the Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and the BBC, which tend to be more fact-based in their news coverage, still must be read skeptically. Most media outlets exaggerate, present incomplete information, and even misrepresent. You should always attempt to verify information from the media. If you can’t verify by going to the original source, you must be very cautious about making generalizations from this information.

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What is expected in your analysis • Explain why you chose this campaign • How and why did the campaign go viral? • Who are the key players that initiated the campaign, and what was their interest in doing it? What historical circumstances triggered the campaign? (track the source of the campaign) • Who was the intended audience? • In your estimation, what were the weaknesses and strengths of the campaign? What was the effect of the campaign and how long did it last? GUIDELINES FOR THE TEXT 8-10 double spaced pages of text Up to 10 pages of illustrations/ screen shots, analytics (in addition to the text) 12-point font, 1 inch margins APA style bibliography Include at least 5 academic sources (they can e from class readings) Include analytics charts or graphs, screen shots or images of campaign source your analytics, screen shots, or images * Pay attention to logos, images, catch phrases; coordination across different

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You are to choose any two well-known leaders of business, Government or other organizations. Richard Branson and Steve Jobs are not to be chosen. Your task is to write 1,000 words on what attributes have made them successful in the eyes of community or recognition, look at any weaknesses that may have been highlighted in them, and compare them in what they have achieved considering any difficult business or other environment in which they succeeded.

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Case study based on the proposal I have done for this project. I would love you to develop my ideas further and critically analyse them. Please use the bibiliography provided and same REFERENCING STYLE. always add quotation pape numbers onto a reference when you can. Topic: The extent of sexualisation of women in UK leading tabloids Summary of the topic Today, it is common for tabloid magazines such as sport, health and lifestyle magazines to sexualize and objectify women. The increased representation of women as sexual objects in the media is one of the most significant developments in modern popular culture. However, there is a growing debate regarding the sexualisation of women in mass media. One side of the divide contends that the world has developed to be “hyper sexualised” and individuals are retrieving pornographic and sexual resources at a tender age (Barker & Duschinsky, 2012). Exposure to sexual and pornographic materials puts individuals at risk of sexual violence, sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. Sexualisation has a greater impact on children as they are at their developmental stage. Conversely, there is a post-feminist argument that the decision to engage with sexualised materials is a show of autonomy, freedom and choice (Barker & Duschinsky, 2012). Due to this divide in societies, popular magazines and tabloids continue to use sexualised images of women to promote their product and financially benefit from it. Within my paper I am intending on exploring the extent of sexualisation of women in leading British tabloids. Aims: – To explore the ways in which women are being sexualised and objectified in tabloids. – Investigate how differently men and women are presented in the media. – Explore the extent to which tabloid media has set pressure on female body image. – Has the Public become desensitised to nudity presented in the press? Literature review The major theme in tabloids and magazines is that women and girls need to be sexually attractive to get the attention of men. It is common for magazines and tabloids to display women who are posed and dressed in ways to draw attention to sexual features. Moreover, such tabloids and magazines offer advice on diet, clothing, exercise and hairstyle to make women appear beautiful (Gill, 2008). In addition to providing advice, some tabloids and magazines also contain highly sexualized images of women that blur the distinction between mainstream media and pornography. With most people accessing the Internet today, the sexualisation of women is expected to increase. Technology has created an avenue for sharing sexualized images of women (Ybarra & Mitchell, 2008). Men and women are under increased pressure to display sexualized images of themselves through popular online social media applications such as Instagram. For example, Ringrose (2010) reported that girls were under increasing pressure to display their images in knickers and bras whereas men sought to display their masculinity through social networking sites. However, the way the sexualized images are consumed differs between men and women. A study by Jakubowicz and McClelland (2008) found that girls who viewed Nuts and Zoo magazines were upset or offended by the images of topless women. Sexual representation creates an ideal image that is not possible to attain. Moreover, self-centred sexual pleasure and nudity are the dominant themes in magazines and this limits the representation of women to sexual objects. For instance, the UK Nuts magazine generally features over 100 images of women, and almost a third of them are topless. Expression of sexuality in tabloids and magazines consistently privilege a male sexual drive discourse while depicting women as sexual consumerism and sexual prey. Thus, gendered sexual images are normalized and re- inscribed (Menard & Kleinplatz, 2008). According to Coy and Horvath (2011), tabloids and magazines that display sexualized images endorse typical sexual norms. Although the images in these magazines contain content relevant to women, they are based around securing sexual rewards for men. Thus, these magazines can activate stereotypes regarding women as sex objects (Coy & Horvath, 2011). With increased Internet penetration, children are also accessing sexualized images. Exposure to sexualized images can encourage children to risky behaviours such as sexual violence. As such, it is essential to examine the extent of sexualisation in leading UK tabloids. Conceptual Framework and theories Most young females often look upon successful women as role models. Not only do the young admire the skills of the role models, but also their social character (Andrea & John, 2013). Media images are also important in the lives of young people, especially when they are at the stage of sex-role exploration and gender identity development (Hardin, Simpson, Whiteside & Garris, 2007). Thus, media has a significant influence on the beliefs of young people regarding the assessment of their own bodies (Daniels, 2009). According to the objectification theory, objectification of women can occur directly or indirectly. The first of these involves internalizing sexual objectification experience while the second involves the direct experience of sexual objectification (Fredrickson & Roberts, 2011). However, regardless of the way objectification occurs, it has an effect on the perceptions of individuals. Research Methods In order to understand the extent of sexualisation in the UK, I have selected The Sun and The Daily Mail as the two leading British tabloids. These two tabloids have been selected because of their wide readership and different content and editorial style. This approach allows for an analysis across two different styles of magazines to identify any differences in their approach to sexualisation. The study relies of the extraction of all images of a sexual nature displayed in the two tabloids between 1st and 7th February 2016. The period of one week was selected because the tabloids are published every day, and are therefore considered to provide sufficient data for the analysis purposes. In investigating the extent of sexualisation, the grounded theory approach has been adopted. The grounded theory approach is a methodology that enables a researcher to derive theory from empirical data (Liebenberg, Nora & Michael, 2012). The theory is appropriate for analysing images because the process involves connecting the intention of creating the image and its perceptions (Banks, 2007). Thus, the tabloid’s images with be examined independently to identify common patterns and themes. By examining the common themes, insight will be gained into the extent of sexualisation of women in the leading UK tabloids. Bibliography Banks, M. (2007) Using Visual Data in Qualitative Research, Los Angeles: Sage. Andrea, R., & John, B. (2013) Sexualized Representation of Female Athletes in the Media: How Does It Affect Female College Athletes’ Body Perceptions?. International Journal of Sport Communication, Volume 6, pp. 274-287. Barker, M., & Duschinsky, R. (2012) Sexualisation’s four faces: sexualisation and gender stereotyping in the Bailey Review. Gender and Education, 24(3), p. 303–310. Coy, M., & Horvath, A. H. (2011) Lads mags, young men’s attitudes towards women and acceptance of myths about sexual aggression. Feminism & Psychology, 21(1), pp. 144-150. Daniels, E. (2009) Sex objects, athletes, and sexy athletes: How media representations of women athletes can impact adolescent girls and college women. Journal of Adolescent Research, Volume 24, p. 399–422. Fredrickson, B., & Roberts, T. (2011) Sexual objectification of women advances to theory and research. Psychology of Women Quarterly, Volume 21, p. 6–38. Gill, R. (2008) Advertising Empowerment/Sexism: Figuring Female Sexual Agency. Contemporary Feminism & Psychology, Volume 18, p. 35. Hardin, M., Simpson, S., Whiteside, E., & Garris, K. (2007) The gender war in U.S. sport: Winners and losers in news coverage of Title IX. Mass Communication & Society, Volume 10, p. 211–233. Liebenberg, L., Nora D., & Michael, U. (2012) Analysing image-based data using grounded theory: the Negotiating Resilience Project. Visual Studies 27(1), pp. 59-74. Menard, A.D., & Kleinplatz, P.J. (2008) Twenty-one Moves Guaranteed to Make his Thighs go up in Flames: Depictions of “Great Sex” in Popular Magazines. Sexuality & Culture, 12(1), pp. 1-20. Ringrose, J., (2010) Sluts, whores, fat slags and Playboy bunnies: Teen girls’ negotiations of ‘sexy’ on social networking sites and at school. In: C. Jackson, C. Paechter and E. Renold, ed. Girls and education. Basingstoke: Open University Press, pp. 3-16. Ybarra, M., & Mitchell, K. (2008) How risky are social networking sites? A comparison of places online where youth sexual solicitation and harassment occurs. Pediatrics, Volume 121, p. 350–357. What is a case study? A case study is a descriptive, exploratory or explanatory critical analysis of a phenomenon, text, event, policy, institution etc. A case study is used in order: To find underlying principles To highlight distinctive characteristics To test out and apply theories and ideas The case which you choose to examine is the subject of an analytical frame and you conduct it in order to illuminate and explain the topic you have chosen to address Marking Criteria • Evidence of sustained critical engagement with the debates, concepts and tasks introduced in the module. • Evidence of the ability to identify a viable project and to see it through to completion. • Evidence of independent research. • Ability to produce clear, well structured, detailed and well-argued analysis. • Production of well-presented and well-referenced work to academic standards. • Evidence of independent thinking and originality of thought.

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